Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Identification of Val-ILs affecting T lymphoma growth (A) Transmission electron microscopy imaging showing a representative image of Val-ILs. Magnifications, ×94K (left) and ×310K (right); scale bars: 100 nm (left) and 50 nm (right). (B) Representative quantification and size of Val-ILs measured by NTA. (C) C57BL/6 mice were s.c. injected with 10 6 EL4 cells, into the side of the body. When tumors reached 50 mm 3 , mice were treated with Val-ILs i.v. injected on days 6 and 9 (10 12 NPs). A screening of 31 NPs loaded with different antibodies identified nine NPs that exhibited a strong tumor volume reduction by day 12 (pink bars). (D) Mice were treated with Val-ILs (10 12 NPs) on days 6, 9, and 12. The efficacy of the nine individual Val-ILs, as well as the combined Val-ILs targeting the nine identified antigens (Val-ILs-Combo), was evaluated on day 12 (left panel) and over time (right panel), n = 4 mice per group, two independent experiments performed. (E) Mice were i.v. injected with trackable NPs labeled with the PKH67 green fluorescent dye, n = 4 mice. The proportion and the number of PKH67 + NPs detected by FC in different tissues, after 18 h. PKH67 + NPs were detected in the spleen, the lymph nodes, and the bone marrow, whereas undetected (ud) in the blood, the thymus, the kidney, and the tumor. UV, unilamellar vesicle. (F) Mice were i.v. injected with Val-ILs labeled with PKH67. Cells were extracted 18 h later from various tissues and analyzed by FC, n = 5 mice per group. Data showing that trackable NPs bound to immunosuppressive cells in the spleen and the TDLNs. MFI, mean fluorescence intensity. Data are shown as means ± SD, p values are compared to Val-ILs-IgG or between the different groups and are calculated using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. See also .

Article Snippet: PKH67 Green Fluorescent Cell Linker Mini Kit for General Cell Membrane Labeling , Merck , Cat# MINI67.

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Imaging, Injection, Labeling, Fluorescence

Journal: ADMET & DMPK

Article Title: Anti-inflammatory potential of plant-derived extracellular vesicles from Solanum nigrum L. integrated in gelatine-dopamine hydrogel on RAW 264.7 and MC3T3 cells

doi: 10.5599/admet.3149

Figure Lengend Snippet: Uptake of plant-derived extracellular vesicles from Solanum nigrum L. berries by (A) RAW 264.7 and (B) MC3T3 cells after 12 hours of incubation using a confocal microscope. Uptake of PKH67-labeled PDEV is shown by green colour and DAPI-stained cell nucleus is shown by blue colour

Article Snippet: To evaluate the uptake of PDEV into MC3T3 and RAW 264.7 cells, PDEV released from the hydrogel after 24 hours was first fluorescently labelled using the PKH67 Green Fluorescent Cell Linker kit (Merck) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Incubation, Microscopy, Labeling, Staining

Journal: Bone Research

Article Title: Synovial inflammatory macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles exacerbate cartilage lesions with a FMRP-selectively sorted manner in osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/s41413-025-00502-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Engineering ADSCs-derived EVs promote cartilage repairment in OA model. a Scheme showing the design of engineering ADSCs-derived EVs. b Schematic illustration of the animal experimental procedure. EVs ADSCs or MAP-EVs ADSCs loading with FAM-antagomiR-155-5p were intra-articular injected into OA rats, and the joint samples were collected after 12 h. c IF staining of synovial pro-inflammatory macrophages and fluorescent images of synovium tissues treated with EVs ADSCs or MAP-EVs ADSCs loading with FAM-antagomiR-155-5p. scale bar: 100 μm. d A schematic diagram to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of engineering EVs ADSCs in OA rats model. Representative images ( e ) and quantitative analysis ( f ) of SO & FG staining in keen joints of sham or OA rats treated with PBS, EVs ADSCs , EVs ADSCs -antagomiR-155-5p and MAP-EVs ADSCs -antagomiR-155-5p. (up), scale bar: 500 μm. Higher magnification images show dramatic articular cartilage changes (down), scale bar: 100 μm. n = 7 for each group. Representative images ( g ) and quantitative analysis ( j ) of IF staining of knee joint sections showing expression of COL2A1 in articular cartilage of the aforementioned rats treated with engineering EVs. Scale bar: 100 μm. DAPI: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. n = 7 for each group. Representative images ( h ) and quantitative analysis ( k ) of IHC staining of knee joint sections showing expression of MMP13 in articular cartilage of the aforementioned rats treated with engineering EVs. Scale bar: 100 μm. n = 6 for each group. Representative images ( i ) and quantitative analysis ( l ) of IHC staining of knee joint sections showing expression of GSK-3β in articular cartilage of the aforementioned rats treated with engineering EVs. Scale bar: 100 μm. n = 6 for each group. One-way ANOVA &Tukey HSD post hoc test (normal distribution) and Kruskal-Wallis Test & Dunn’s test (non-normal distribution) were used for multiple comparisons. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.000 1, ns not significant

Article Snippet: Moreover, to detect the absorption of BMDMs-EVs by the damaged articular cartilage, the EVs obtained from the BMDMs culture supernatant were dyed with DiO fluorescent stain by means of the DiO fluorescent cell linker kit (Beyotime, C1993S), accompanied by rinsing in PBS and ultracentrifuged (100 000 × g for 70 min) at 4 °C.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Injection, Staining, Drug discovery, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Bone Research

Article Title: Synovial inflammatory macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles exacerbate cartilage lesions with a FMRP-selectively sorted manner in osteoarthritis

doi: 10.1038/s41413-025-00502-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Engineering ADSCs-derived EVs promote cartilage repairment in OA model. a Scheme showing the design of engineering ADSCs-derived EVs. b Schematic illustration of the animal experimental procedure. EVs ADSCs or MAP-EVs ADSCs loading with FAM-antagomiR-155-5p were intra-articular injected into OA rats, and the joint samples were collected after 12 h. c IF staining of synovial pro-inflammatory macrophages and fluorescent images of synovium tissues treated with EVs ADSCs or MAP-EVs ADSCs loading with FAM-antagomiR-155-5p. scale bar: 100 μm. d A schematic diagram to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of engineering EVs ADSCs in OA rats model. Representative images ( e ) and quantitative analysis ( f ) of SO & FG staining in keen joints of sham or OA rats treated with PBS, EVs ADSCs , EVs ADSCs -antagomiR-155-5p and MAP-EVs ADSCs -antagomiR-155-5p. (up), scale bar: 500 μm. Higher magnification images show dramatic articular cartilage changes (down), scale bar: 100 μm. n = 7 for each group. Representative images ( g ) and quantitative analysis ( j ) of IF staining of knee joint sections showing expression of COL2A1 in articular cartilage of the aforementioned rats treated with engineering EVs. Scale bar: 100 μm. DAPI: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. n = 7 for each group. Representative images ( h ) and quantitative analysis ( k ) of IHC staining of knee joint sections showing expression of MMP13 in articular cartilage of the aforementioned rats treated with engineering EVs. Scale bar: 100 μm. n = 6 for each group. Representative images ( i ) and quantitative analysis ( l ) of IHC staining of knee joint sections showing expression of GSK-3β in articular cartilage of the aforementioned rats treated with engineering EVs. Scale bar: 100 μm. n = 6 for each group. One-way ANOVA &Tukey HSD post hoc test (normal distribution) and Kruskal-Wallis Test & Dunn’s test (non-normal distribution) were used for multiple comparisons. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.000 1, ns not significant

Article Snippet: For co-culture investigations of chondrocytes and BMDMs-EVs, the EVs recovered from the BMDMs culture supernatant were dyed with DiI fluorescent dye via the DiI fluorescent cell linker kit (Beyotime, C1991S), followed by rinsing in PBS and ultracentrifugation (100 000 × g for 70 min) at 4 °C.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Injection, Staining, Drug discovery, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry